Opal Waters, Rising Seas: How Sociocultural Inequality Reduces Resilience to Climate Change among Indigenous Australians
نویسنده
چکیده
W continental ice sheets melted about 15,000 years ago, rising seas inundated large regions of northern Australia, fl ooding valleys and creating vast, low-lying wetland areas. More recent transitions in some of these regions occurred as gradual siltation and levée formation reduced the movement of salt water to create freshwater swamps that were regularly fi lled by monsoon rains, a process thought to have occurred in Kakadu and Arnhem Land from about 4,000 to 1,500 years ago (Chappell 1988). Archaeological records show how Australia’s indigenous communities successfully adapted to a range of shifting landscapes. From the stone country of Kimberley, the sandstone escarpments of Arnhem Land, the rainforests of the Daintree, and the sandy palm-fringed islands of the Torres Strait, Aborigines and Islanders have effectively adapted to environmental change for thousands of years (Barham 1999; Roberts, Jones, and Smith 1990).
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